Loitering munitions have already rewritten land warfare, and the temptation is to treat their arrival at sea as a straightforward transplant: bolt a proven land system to a deck, point it at the water, and buy precision mass at a fraction of the cost of an anti-ship missile. That framing is comfortable, widely repeated in vendor briefings, and mostly wrong. A loitering munition that thrives over a land battlefield inherits, at sea, a target-identification problem, a beyond-line-of-sight communications problem, an electronic-warfare problem, and a combat-system-integration problem its land variant never had to solve. The systems that matter will answer those four problems. Warhead size and loiter time won’t distinguish them.
From the India-Pakistan border to the Taiwan Strait, from the Donbas front to the Sahel, the same weapon class often